Molecular Farming Plant-made ...

Molecular Farming Plant-made Pharmaceuticals - Fischer, MEDYCYNA, Biochemistry

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Molecular Farming
Edited by
Rainer Fischer and Stefan Schillberg
2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA,Weinheim
ISBN: 3-527-30786-9
Molecular Farming.
Edited by Rainer Fischer, Stefan Schillberg
Copyright
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Molecular Farming
Plant-made Pharmaceuticals and Technical Proteins
Edited by
Rainer Fischer and Stefan Schillberg
Edited by:
This book was carefully produced. Never-
theless, authors, editor and publisher do not
warrant the information contained therein to
be free of errors. Readers are advised to keep
in mind that statements, data, illustrations,
procedural details or other items may
inadvertently be inaccurate.
Rainer Fischer
RWTH Aachen
Molecular Biotechnology
Worringerweg 1
52074 Aachen
Germany
Stefan Schillberg
Molecular Farming
Fraunhofer IME
Worringerweg 1
52074 Aachen
Germany
Library of Congress Card No. : applied for
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication
Data:
A catalogue record for this book is
available from the British Library.
Bibliographic information published by
Die Deutsche Bibliothek
Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication
in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie;
detailed bibliographic data is available in the
2004 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co.
KGaA,Weinheim
All rights reserved (including those of
translation into other languages). No part of
this book may be reproduced in any form –
nor transmitted or translated into a machine
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considered unprotected by law.
Printed in the Federal Republic of Germany
Printed on acid-free paper
Cover
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ISBN
3-527-30786-9
V
Preface
Mankind has used plants as a source of raw materials and medicines for thousands
of years. From the earliest stages of civilization, plant extracts have been used to ob-
tain technical materials and drugs to ease suffering and cure disease. Since the late
seventies, many valuable therapeutic and diagnostic proteins have been discovered
through molecular biology research and molecular medicine, but widespread use of
these molecules has been hampered by production bottlenecks such as low yields,
poor and inconsistent product quality and a shortage of production capacity. In the
late 1980s, the application of recombinant DNA and protein technology in plants al-
lowed the exploration of plant-based expression systems for the production of safer
and cheaper protein medicines (Table 1). Over the last decade, plants have emerged
as a convenient, safe and economical alternative to mainstream expression systems
which are based on the large-scale culture of microbes or animal cells, or transgenic
animals. The production of plant-made pharmaceuticals and technical proteins is
known as
Molecular Farming (Molecular Pharming
TM
)
. The objective is to harness the
power of agriculture to cultivate and harvest plants or plant cells producing recombi-
nant therapeutics, diagnostics, industrial enzymes and green chemicals.
Molecular Farming
has the potential to provide virtually unlimited quantities of re-
combinant antibodies, vaccines, blood substitutes, growth factors, cytokines, chemo-
kines and enzymes for use as diagnostic and therapeutic tools in health care, the life
sciences and the chemical industry. Plants are now gaining widespread acceptance
as a general platform for the large-scale production of recombinant proteins. The
principle has been demonstrated by the success of a diverse repertoire of proteins,
with therapeutic proteins showing the greatest potential for added value and techni-
cal enzymes the first to reach commercial status.
We are facing a growing demand for protein diagnostics and therapeutics, but
lack the capacity to meet those demands using established facilities. Moreover, re-
combinant proteins will become more important as high throughput genomics, pro-
teomics, metabolomics and glycomics projects spawn new product candidates, dis-
ease targets and eventually new remedies. A shift to plant bioreactors may therefore
become necessary within the next few years. However, the production of pharmaceu-
tical proteins in plants will only realize its huge potential if the products achieve con-
sistent highest quality standards, enabling the provision of clinical grade proteins
that will gain regulatory approval and can be used routinely in clinical trials and
2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA,Weinheim
ISBN: 3-527-30786-9
Molecular Farming.
Edited by Rainer Fischer, Stefan Schillberg
Copyright
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